The article is devoted to the study of organization models and the study of problematic issues of the structure of modern parliaments. The analysis of a number of existing models in the world of parliaments, highlighted common features and peculiarities in their organization. A number of problematic issues.

The article discusses the patterns of the Ombudsman for Children in the countries with the federal form of government, provides a detailed analysis of the experience of ombudsmen for children in Austria, Canada, the United States and other countries, as well as the recommendations based on the results of comparative legal analysis of the legal status of the Ombudsman for Children in Russia and abroad to improve this institution.

Control and supervisory activities of the state-is a form of exercise of public functions to ensure compliance with laws and other regulations. The article deals with monitoring the execution of Soviet legislation on freedom of conscience in the1917-1945 years, on the basis of organ systems, monitors, and directly control the iractivities.

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с развитием теории интересов и права в их взаимосвязи.

During the war, an important task of the prosecution and the court considered the provision of the laws of war, strengthening labor discipline, mobilization and strengthening the fight against desertion. The article informs about the work of the prosecution aimed at strengthening labor discipline on supervision of working conditions, improved accident prevention and labor safety, overseeing the submission of materials on violators of labor discipline to the judicial authorities of and the passage of these cases in the courts and military tribunals and the correctness of sentences handed down. Adopted measures played an important role in the reconstruction work of the rear on a war footing, in the mobilization of manpower for the development of the national economy and the implementation of front-line orders in wartime.

The article takes upon the question of court fees for appeals consideration having existed in the Russian Empire and established by the current legislation in the Russian Federation.

In this article the author examines the question of crime and punishment in the common law of Abkhazians first half of the 19th century. Based on the study of the history of Abkhazia, the works of famous scientists considers a system of punishments established in the study period. The study used scientific methods of cognition, as well as formal legal and comparative legal methods. The author notes that despite the lack of written sources of criminal law in the territory of Abkhazia reporting period saw the formation of the system of criminal penalties. The conclusions of this paper can be used as a basis for in-depth investigations of the research problem. The article can be used in the process of teaching the course "Criminal punishment". In his work, the author reveals the specifics of criminal sanctions in the customary law of the Abkhazians. For the first time given criminal law characteristics of certain types of criminal penalties applicable in the first half of the 19th century in Abkhazia. The materials are intended for graduate students, teachers of legal educational institutions, and others interested in issues of criminal law.

Modern life is a Russian citizen is inextricably linked with monetary relations. However in old age a capacity of pensioners accompanied by a number of problems, some of which are considered in the presented work. Due to the complexity of obtaining consumer loans, pensioners are facing financial difficulties due to the use of the owner of the property: by relocating to a cheaper apartment, putting housing in rent, preparation of wills, reverse mortgage or receipt of the rents.

This article considered the problems of legal regulation of inheritance of state awards, honorary and memorial signs. It examines the questions of succession in relation to the analysis of the legal nature of the state award as an object of civil relations, studied law on state awards of the Russian Federation.

The article investigates the preliminary hearing as a structural element of preparing the case for trial in the proceedings of the Russian Federation. The structure of the stage of preparing the case for trial is represented as a combination of judicial procedures and specific legal proceedings. We consider the functional purpose of a preliminary hearing, defined by the author in the context of the performance of the functions of organization, coordination, harmonization and completion of the procedures and proceedings taking place at the stage of preparing the case for trial. Arguments in favor of qualification preliminary hearing as the main phase of the procedure of the functional case for trial.

During the study, the authors used a complex of methods of knowledge: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, formal-legal. According to the research results, the authors came to conclusions about the inadequacy of the legal regulation mechanism providing lump-sum payments to police officers about the practical problems in the work of the Commission of the territorial divisions. The work covers the relations to implement one type of social safeguards officers. The results of the study can serve as a basis for improving the legal regulation of the respective Institute and will be of interest to a wide circle of persons. Formulated by the authors generalizations, conclusions and suggestions can be used in the framework of the legislative process, practical recommendations will be useful to the members of the commissions of the territorial bodies. In accordance with the relatively recent introduction of this warranty in the legal system of Russia, theoretical research problems in this sphere are negligible. In this regard, the results of the study are interesting and relevant.

Legal systems of Member-states of the European Union have been subject to noticeable influence of supranational law what leads to transformation of national legal systems. Legal system of the European Union and national legal systems of Member-states assume some characteristics of mixed legal systems, to a greater or lesser extent. Mixed legal systems (including Scottish and Roman-Dutch), their characteristics, origin and history were studied by a large number of legal researchers from Scotland, South Africa, Louisiana (the US), Canada and Germany, such as T. Smith, H. MacQueen, W. Tetley, F.P. Walton, R. Zimmerman, K. Reid, D.P. Visser, R. Evans-Jones, E. Orucu. In course of research general scientific (dialectic, logic) and specific scientific research methods (legalistic, prognostic, historic ect.) were used. Systematic and comparative method should be highlighted as main for the analysis. Area of research is comparative law. Possessing a distinctive place among systems of continental and common law, mixed legal systems considered to be an interesting research subject for comparative law scholars, as well as for researchers focused on development of European private law. Convergence of private law systems in the European Union could be traced based on Directives and other regulations aimed at harmonization and unification in the European Union. Mixed legal systems could serve as an example of viable and quite successful merger of continental and common law. European Union law and national legal systems of Member-states could apply experience of studied legal systems. Research of Scottish and Rome-Dutch law is a solid base for further study of European legal system as a special type of mixed legal systems. In prospect, it seems reasonable to study other mixed legal systems in depth. Moreover, European law could be analyzed in a similar way aiming at establishing distinguished characteristics of mixed legal systems and developing possible ways of their development. Considering stated above, research of mixed legal systems, their characteristics and origin is of immediate interest of current legal studies. Legal systems of Scotland and South Africa are a distinctive example of mixture of common and continental law, noting that each of them had influence of establishment of a mixed system. It seems curtain that not only European law could be classified as mixed legal system but also national legal systems of Member-states are acquiring some features of such legal systems. Current research could be interesting and useful for researchers of development of law of the European Union, as well as comparative law.

This article describes the effects of recognition electronic auction failed due to the fact that after the deadline for submission of applications for participation in this auction filed only one application for participation in it, as well as due to the fact that the auction commission decision on the recognition of only one participant purchases, filed an application for participate in such an auction, a participant et al. Analyzed the statutory rules applicable in such cases.

This article deals with the psychological deviations victims of crimes against minors. On this issue presents views of various scholars. This article looks at all the negative effects of society that have been appropriately influence on the psyche of the victims of crimes against minors and ways to overcome them. This article is an empirical material for further study of this kind of crime and measures to prevent them.

This article focuses on the socio- demographic and psychological factors crimes against minors. On this issue considered the views of various scholars. Here we give a description of how the socio-demographic and psychological factors crimes against minors. In addition discusses ways to overcome these socio-demographic and psychological factors crimes against minors.

This article focuses on the socio- demographic characteristics of the person who committed the crime against minors. On this issue considered the views of various scholars. Here we give criminological characteristics of offenders against minors as by gender and by age, and social status. In addition, the psychological assessment is given to minors, in respect of which the offense is committed. The author suggests ways to resolve this problem.

The subject of the article make organizational and practical issues of adaptation of the penitentiary system staff as a factor in increasing the efficiency of its staffing. It opened the problems arising in the process of adaptation of young employees of the correctional system, and identifies the main areas of improvement and adaptation of personnel.

This article discusses one of the main categories of criminal law – the object of the crime. Clarified the basic positions of science of criminal law in the determination of his concepts. On the basic of their attempt to justify the authors perspective as it relates to the object of the crimes encroaching on national and religious equality of citizens of Russia.

Abstract: The Reason for writing the article was the fact that along with the changes to the criminal law on narcotics related crimes, there is still a lack of a number of provisions relevant to the right of the qualifying individual legal norms. Methods the мethodological basis of the work are dialectical method of scientific knowledge, as well as the following special methods: historical, legal, logical, systematic, dogmatic and comparative law. Conclusions the statements in this article recommendations for improvements in the criminal law is aimed at overcoming existing difficulties in the criminal justice evaluation of a number of aggravating circumstances, differentiating criminal liability for certain narcotics related crimes. Practical significance is that in the work of the recommendations on improving the number of qualifying signs of certain drug-related crimes in order to assure uniform interpretation and application in the process of enforcement. The originality of the work is defined by the system approach to addressing and solving some of the problems of the criminal law on crimes related to illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. This article is focused on the teaching staff of law schools, graduate students, adjuncts, job seekers and students interested in criminal law and the qualification of the offence, as well as police officers, prosecutors and judges.

Challenge: The State has the task of ensuring the security of citizens, their lives and health preserving stability in the society. The article says that the preventive and pre-emptive elements in preventing acts of terrorism, the effective protection of the rights of the individual, the State and law enforcement bodies, as well as all law enforcement agencies and departments is key to success in restoring normalcy. The author cites examples, analyzes assesses, the legal regulation of the entities, involved in combating terrorism, the protection of public order and public security. Model: analysis of the present study, an assessment of the legal regulations, the recommendations on further fight against terrorism, the protection of public order and public security. Examined, a distinction the concepts of "counter-terrorism operation" and "antiterrorist operation" Conclusions: the analysis, identify trends in the fight against terrorism, explored and delineated term "counter-terrorism operation" and "antiterrorist operation", identified key issues and recommendations for making management decisions in public security, protection of the rights of the individual and the State. Scope of study/features use the results of scientific work: the study includes examples and work to combat terrorism, valued differentiated legal regulation, the notion of a "counter-terrorism operation" and "antiterrorist operation", entities involved in the protection of public order and public security, in connection with the list of topics will be expanded. Originality/value-the work may be used for the study of jurisprudence, the units involved in the prevention of terrorist acts, preserve public order, public security, management, capabilities with the participation in the legal regime of counter-terrorist operations, and it.

Task – to analyze criminal law concepts inclining to consumption of narcotic means, psychotropic substances or their analogues, incitement and involvement in the use of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues. Model – on the base of general scientific and structural approaches the means of perfection of criminal legislation have been modulated. Conclusions – as a result of analyses the shortage are indicated in legislative assignment of corpus delicate in the article 230 of the Criminal Code of Russia Federation, which raise difficulties in classification of such crimes. On the base of this the proposals are formulated to improvement article 230 of the Criminal Code of Russia Federation "Inclining to consumption of narcotic means, psychotropic substances or their analogues." Practical value - the propositions and conclusions formulated in this research may contribute effectiveness of criminal and legal means aimed at counteraction inclining to consumption of narcotic means, psychotropic substances or their analogues. Originality/value – the written scientific article contains recommendations to solve discussion questions and addressed to everybody interested in the actual problems of counteraction drug crimes.

Abstract: In the present article attempts to determine the approximate population in Russia grozavesti persons, employees of illegal gambling and the organizers of the business, and also examines the major social, criminological and psychological characteristics of these persons.

Task - discussed problem associated with the Institute of intelligent life in the Russian criminal proceedings, draws attention to the contradictions in the legislation. Model - Methodological basis of the work - universal dialectical-materialist method of cognition of objective reality.Used General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Through private-scientific - technically-legal method, analyzed and summarized the content of the norms regulating the analyzed aspect. Conclusions - some aspects of the Institute reasonable period of time are inadequate from the point of view of its legal regulation. On this basis it is proposed to amend the existing legislation. The scope of the study/the possibility of subsequent use of the results of scientific work - the content of the work complements the scientific and legal framework of the reasonable period of time; can be used in the future research related to the development of the issue; in the preparation of amendments to existing legislation. Practical implications - some of the findings mentioned in the article may be taken into account in the practice of the courts, prosecution and preliminary investigation. On the analysis of current legislation, are treated as separate theoretical and applied aspects of the implementation of the Institute reasonable period of criminal proceedings. It is intended for researchers, lecturers, students in all areas of legal specialization, and is also interested in a reasonable time frame.

Task: 1) analysis of doctrinal beliefs the norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure of Russia and the near abroad, establishes the right of fixation testimony as sources of proof; 2) improvement of the criminal procedural legislation. To make additional arguments with respect to enforcement-existing theory of criminal proceedings positions; shows the new proposals and recommendations relating to the legal regulation of securing evidence.

The article studies the role of a court in proving circumstances leading to exemption from punishment due to a change in situation on the basis of the adversarial principle. The authors substantiate the necessity of broadening of court powers in collecting and verification of proofs and with regards to it the recommendations on improvement of law enforcement practice are given.

In the article the investigation and typical traffic situations, developing at the initial stage of the crimes investigation, related to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances trafficking are considered. The author remarked, that drug-related crimes are accompanied by further impeding the investigation, manifested in various forms, that indicates the conflict nature of the investigation.

The author of the article reveals the peculiarities of the investigation of criminal cases on illegal business on the example of certain investigative actions: inspection of the scene; seizure; search; examination of objects and documents; the examination of witnesses, suspects and accused persons. Given the criminal procedure and criminalistics recommendations for their production.

There is covered in article history of origin and development mechanism of fight against smuggling since times of Ancient Russia and preceding modern quick and investigation service of customs authorities.

In article, the author emphasizes the legal and tactical necessity of participation in the investigative action, carried out with deaf and dumb or hard of hearing, a sign language interpreter. Participation of the interpreter with proper investigative steps will help to identify the most full trace picture and to define further the algorithm of the investigation. In this case, the investigator must improve knowledge of tactics and ability to apply all available means (e.g., communications) to ensure the effectiveness of each investigative actions in any situation.

In article some reasons and consequences of non-compliance with procedural terms in courts of law, the provisions developed in law-enforcement practice and the judgments formulated in modern literature, the general bases of procedural terms in courts are considered. The Methodological basis of work - a general dialektiko-materialistic method within which private and scientific methods of the concrete historical, formal and logical, legallistic, comparative and legal and system analysis were applied. Authors came to a conclusion that the term established by the law can be observed on condition of consideration of the case in the first court session quoted on business. Having refused satisfaction of the reasonable petition attracting business deposits declared by the party for the purpose of consideration of the case in the time established by the law, the court can allow other, not less rough, violation of the right of the person participating in business on fair judicial proceedings. In article is considered some reasons and consequences of non-compliance with procedural terms in courts of law, the provisions developed in law-enforcement practice and the judgments formulated in modern literature, the general bases of procedural terms in courts. The generalizations formulated by authors, conclusions and offers can be used for improvement of the procedural legislation, activity of the courts of the general jurisdiction. Results of research are represented by authors of a complex of the procedural relations, legal regulation and practice of implementation of judicial detail, interesting and actual in connection with studying, a formulation of the conclusions possessing author's novelty.

The article deals with such a form of regional integration, as a Euroregion, which implies cooperation not entire states, and the interaction of two or more territorial units of neighboring countries. The author analyzes the normative legal acts regulating the activities of Euroregions, purposes of creating and results, which reached this form of integration.

The article discusses the positive foreign experience in the field of public safety at sports events in the Russian Federation and justified specific proposals to improve legislation.

In article it is a question of possibility of introduction of modern pedagogical technologies in process of training of cadets of system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the purpose of improvement of preparation of cadets and optimization of process of training.

Annotation The author has attempted to identify features of the historical development of the processes of interaction of institutions of secular and spiritual authorities in Russia at various stages of its history. The methodological basis of the study of complex scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction; and special methods - historical, systematic and structural, rather-legal. Church reform XVII century accompanied the beginning of a major transformation of the model of state-church relations in Russia, which led to the elimination of the independent role of the church and directly, facility-submission of the spiritual power of the state. Contradictory attempts of the state authorities to tie together vector of secular and religious policy was characterized by the Russian reality during the period of the synodal system of church government. The paper can serve as a basis for further scientific development of the designated issues. This work is focused on the faculty of law schools, adjuncts, graduate students, applicants, students and students interested in the history of the state and law of Russia.

The dependence of the control model of the educational activities of the university in terms of their networking integration nature of network organizations. Analysis of the forms of network organization in higher professional education, and how they differ from other types of organizations argues that management of the network to ensure linkages and coherence of subjects, objects, and processes of educational activities of universities in the temporal and spatial framework is to harmonize, streamline operations of different parts of the control system of the university. The author proposed a set of measures to improve the management of the process of modernization of the educational activities of universities in terms of their networking.

The reason of writing the article was the fact that the study of the rules on criminal responsibility for crimes against honor and dignity of the individual under the legislation of the CIS countries. Model - The methodological basis are dialectical method of scientific cognition, as well as the following special methods: history-legal, logical, systematic, dogmatic and comparative law. Conclusions- expressed in this article recommendations based on the study of the rules providing for criminal liability for offences against honor and dignity of the individual under the legislation of the CIS countries, can help to identify some positive aspects. Practical value - the provisions and findings of the study can sell taken into account when improving the current criminal legislation of Russia. Originality/value - prepared by the scientific article seems important to us, as in the legislation of the CIS countries has its own characteristics and is presented on the basis of the Model penal code.